Figure 2. Antiviral and deaminating activity of APOBEC/AID combined with LAM treatment. (A) Analysis of secreted HBsAg. Effects of LAM treatment on (B) intracellular HBV DNA and (C)cccDNA levels with or without CRISPR activation of A3A, A3B, or AID.(D) 3D-PCR analysis of cccDNA deamination in a control (DMSO-treated) and experimental (LAM-treated) groups, and (E)semi-quantitative evaluation of cccDNA deamination levels. (F)3D-PCR analysis and (G) semi-quantitative evaluation of secreted HBV DNA deamination. (H) 3D-PCR analysis and(I) semi-quantitative analysis of intracellular HBV DNA. NC, non-targeting sgRNA. **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001.