INTRODUCTION
Primary sarcomas comprise 0.8 to 2.7% of all renal tumors in adults1. Among renal sarcomas, leiomyosarcoma (LMS) accounts for 50-60% of all cases. It occurs more frequently in females and typically manifests between the 40s and 60s. The most common signs and symptoms are like those of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), mainly pain, palpable mass, and hematuria, all of which are indicators of an extensive local disease1.
Imaging may not always differentiate between leiomyosarcomas and renal cell carcinomas in all patients2. It has a significant propensity for local recurrence and often metastasizes to distant organs3.
Adhering to Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines, we report a case of primary renal LMS extending into the renal vein in a 31-year-old woman patient managed with nephrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy4.