3.4 Effects of foraging by two species of deer on Japanese yew saplings
There were some differences (p <0.05) in the average growth height of the main branches, number of new branches, and length of lateral branches between the two ungulates after foraging on the saplings. All the above variables decreased after foraging. There were significant differences between the wapiti and control groups (p <0.05), while the differences were not significant between the Siberian roe deer and control group (p >0.05) (Figure 9). These results indicate that the influence of the wapiti foraging on Japanese yew saplings is much greater than that of the Siberian roe deer .