Key Clinical Message
In the majority of cases, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) generally exhibit normal or decreased blood lipid levels. However, a minority of cases demonstrate the significant role of M protein in elevated lipid levels, particularly in the close association between IgA type MM and hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Here, we report a case of IgA-κ type MM with concurrent hyperlipidemia, wherein the patient presented with elevated lipid levels upon admission: total cholesterol of 10.44 mmol/L (normal range: 2.8-5.6 mmol/L) and triglycerides of 28.45 mmol/L (normal range: 0.45-1.70 mmol/L). The patient also had concurrent multiple myeloma and was treated with the PCD regimen along with lipid-lowering measures, hydration, alkalization, liver protection, and symptomatic supportive care, who showed a significant improvement in symptoms and was discharged. This report discusses a case treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, retrospectively summarizing and analyzing the patient’s data, and, in conjunction with relevant literature, explores the relationship between IgA type MM and hyperlipidemia. The aim is to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.