Clinical history
A 1-year-old male patient presented with a 4-month duration of
intermittent difficulty with urination that progressively worsened,
leading to multiple episodes of acute urinary retention that required
catheterization multiple times before he was referred to our center. The
family also complained of constipation. Otherwise, the patient was free
of fever or surgical interventions.
He is the fifth child in his family and was born by caesarian section
for an indication of prolonged labor. He cried immediately after birth
and did not require neonatal intensive care. He is vaccinated according
to the Ethiopian national immunization program. On physical examination,
the child appeared comfortable and had stable vital signs (respiratory
rate: 26/min, pulse rate: 96/min, and temperature: 36.5 degrees
Celsius). His middle upper arm circumference (MUAC) was 12 cm,
corresponding to moderate acute malnutrition. An abdominal examination
revealed only a distended bladder. No signs of ascites or organ
enlargement were present.