2) Analytic Strategy
To test the hypotheses suggested in the previous section, we establish
an empirical model as an ordered logistic regression model. This
empirical model is useful in investigating the statistical association
between predictors and outcomes measured in ordinal variables. By
utilizing this model, for example, we can predict whether a hospital
with citizen engagement as its resources would be more likely to perform
better. The dependent variables used are the overall quality of care and
patient satisfaction. The independent or predictor variables are
physical, financial, human, and social resources. We also include
patient engagement as an essential predictor of hospital performance.
The main models of our empirical analysis have each of those two
performance measures as dependent variables. First, we estimate the
models using all samples. Second, we conduct sub-sample analyses to
investigate whether the roles of each resource differ across groups with
and without patient engagement.