Figure 1. Hypothetical scenarios shaping
within-individual correlations (CORw) between state and
risk-taking behaviour. Temporal changes in traits, specifically related
to ageing, strongly shape within-individual trait correlations (a,b).
(a) A positive within-individual trait correlation is expected when both
individual state and behaviours decline with age due to physiological
deterioration. (b) A negative within-individual trait correlation is
expected when individuals are more likely to engage in risk-taking
behaviour with decreasing future fitness expectations with age. However,
within-individual trait correlations can occur even when traits do not
change with age, but fluctuate based on (c) state dependence or (d)
trade-off.