Results
Cicadas significantly varied in their body mass and calling activity but
not in their use of the narrow-leafed plants (Table 1). Body mass
and calling activity were not associated at the individual level (Table
2). Behaviours were not function of time of day (Time of day effect,
Table 1). However, with repeated observations, cicadas lost body mass,
were found in narrow-leafed plant species and increased calling activity
(Age effect, Table 1). These age-related plasticities were reflected in
within-individual trait covariations: 95% CI of within-individual
covariations between body mass and behaviours were smaller than zero
(Table 2).