Efficacy of quercetin-loaded exosomes from mare’s milk compared to free quercetin in an aging male rat model
The efficiency of quercetin-loaded exosomes derived from mare’s milk versus free quercetin were evaluated using an aging model of male Wistar outbred rats. Experimental groups consisted of males older than 12 months, with young male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks serving as the negative control. On average, the rats weighted 200 ± 20 g and housed in the animal facility of the National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan. After one-week adaptation period, the rats were randomly divided into their groups (3 rats/cage) and housed in a room with controlled temperature and a 12-h light–dark cycle with unlimited access to standard food and drinking water ad libitum.