Figure 5 (a) Percentage of variation (β-diversity: Bray-Curtis
dissimilarity) explained by local environment and connectivity to the
river in three seasons. (b) Proportion of the variation explained by
each variable over all explained variations. (c) CCA plot, showing the
correspondence (~influence) of local environmental
factors (blue arrows; cf. Table S1) with the benthic macroinvertebrate
and amphibian assemblages (dots) in autumn. The colours of dots
represent connectivity categories of respective sites, showing no
significant effect of the connectivity category on the assemblages. Four
black letters show species plots. Full taxonomic names of the
abbreviations are in Table S5. The analysis was significant overall atF 9,12=1.56, P = 0.038 (permutation test
for CCA).