2.4. Temporal change in population structures
We selected the age classes 3–7 (DBH \(\geq\) 2.5 cm)
with available data both in 2013 and 2023 to compare the temporal
changes in population numbers in each age class. We also compared the
overall difference in basal areas, abundances, and frequencies by
aggregating data from these age classes. Frequency was calculated as the
proportion of 10 m × 10 m plots with Q. chungii presence.