FIGURE 1 Age structure of Quercus chungii population in 2023. Numbers besides bars indicate the numbers of individuals per ha within each age class. The population number in the first age class was calculated by assuming a proportional relationship between the number of germinated seeds and overall basal area of the population; the population numbers of other age classes (2–7) are from field survey. Detailed information about the age structures is shown in Table 2.