Conclusions
Acute diffuse parenchymal lung disease can have many causes. While primary immunodeficiencies are rare, they should be part of the differential diagnosis in all atypical or complicated cases, even in previously healthy children. Our patient with CGD probably suffered from inflammatory lung involvement, caused by exposure to fungi with possible mycotic colonization and subsequent CMV reactivation. Although systemic corticosteroid therapy is the first choice in the treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, it may represent a risk for children with compromised immune functions, which should be, in selected cases, assessed prior to the immunosuppressive treatment.
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