Author contributions:
LL. Liu, C. W and WH. Guo conceived the idea; C. W. and LL. Liu analyzed the transcriptomic and phenotypic data; LL. Liu, WY. Sheng, MQ.Yin, C. Lambertini and X. Guo maintained the plant and carried out the cadmium treatment experiments; C. W. led the writing of the paper with contribution from LL. Liu, WH. Guo, C. Lambertini, X. Guo, MQ. Yin and WY. Sheng.