Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel AAK1 inhibitors
based on 1H-indazole scaffold for potential anti-viral therapy against
SARS-CoV-2 infection
Abstract
AP-2-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) plays a crucial role in the
clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) pathway, which is involved in
various cellular processes including viral entry to the host cells.
Therefore, AAK1 is considered as a promising therapeutic target for the
treatment of viral infections. Herein, we reported design and synthesis
of 1H-indazole based novel AAK1 inhibitors from known AAK1 inhibitors
SGC-AAK1-1 and compound 6. Among 42 compounds synthesized with the
assistance of microwave, compounds 9i, 11f and 11l exhibited comparable
antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 entering host cells compared to
the reference compound 6 at the concentration of 3 μM. Particularly, 11f
exhibited lower cytotoxicity on hACE2-293T than compounds 9i, 11l and
reference compound 6. 11f also exhibited good pharmacokinetic prediction
properties. In conclusion, the novel AAK1 inhibitor 11f demonstrates
remarkable efficacy in suppressing SARS-CoV-2 infection, while
exhibiting almost no obvious cytotoxicity, thus making it as a promising
candidate for the development of novel antiviral drugs against severe
SARS-CoV-2 and possible other viruses.