Element FEV1 FEV1% FEV1/FVC
Astragalus membranaceus (with ambroxol HCL) 0.30 [0.18, 0.42] [34] 16.18 [12.60, 19.76] [34] 2.51 [-0.05, 5.06] [34]
Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) n.s. [35]
Maxingshigan decoction 13.8 [8.2, 19.4] [36]
Dang Shen 0.22 [0.13, 0.31] [37]
Panax ginseng n.s. [38] n.s. [38]
Ginseng 0.30 [0.02, 0.58] [39] 9.43 [3.64, 15.21] [39]
Zingiber officinale (Ginger) 2.08 [1.40, 2.76] (red ginger, no control group) [40]
Ephedra sinica and rhubarb 4.72 [1.19,8.25] (vs. Western Medicine) [41] n.s. (but reported by reference as significant) [41]
Glycyrrhiza uralensis 22 [95% CI not reported](asthmatic patients) [42]
San-Huang Gu-Ben Zhi-Ke n.s.[43] n.s. [43] n.s. [43]
Huangqi 0.27 [0.11 , 0.43] [44] Significant Improvement (value not accessible) [45] Significant Improvement (value not accessible) [45] Significant Improvement (value not accessible) [45]
Nigella (Thymoquinone) n.s. [46]
Rhodiola 0.25 [0.21, 0.29] [47] 9.28 [4.41, 14.15] [47] 5.04 [2.64, 7.43] [47]
Modified Dachengqi Decoction 5.3 [1.48, 9.12] [48] 1.55 [0.23, 2.87] [48]
Crocin 0.15 [95% CI not available] [49] n.s. [49]
Zataria multiflora 1 [50]
Nepeta bracteata n.s. [51] n.s. [51]
Nanocurcumin 13.03 [7.6, 18.47] [52] 11.62 [7.3, 15.93] [52]
Ivy leaf extract n.s. [53] n.s. [53]
Hedera helix Ivy Leaf 1[54]
Solanum trilobatum 1[55]
Solanum xanthocarpum 1[55]
Inflaminat is a combination of natural ingredients black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) berries, violet (Viola tricolor L.) herb, and calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) flowers n.s. [56] n.s. [56]
Withania somnifera 5.43 [2.00, 8.90] [57] 4.93 [2.53, 7.33] [57]
Chinese Herbal Medicine (FEV1) (MD 0.12 L; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.16) [58]
Buzhong Yiqi Tang 6.66 [5.79, 7.54] [59]
Cordyceps n.s. [60] 7.2 [2.56, 11.84] [60]
Shufeng Jiedu 4.83 [2.56, 7.10] [61]
Weijing Decoction 0.23 [0.16, 0.29] [62] 0.25 [0.19, 0.30] [63]
Herbal Medicine 0.14 [0.03,0.24] [64]
Qingqihuatan decoction 0.34 [0.10, 0.58] 152)
Qingkailing 0.20 [0.06, 0.35] [65]
Reduning 0.24 [0.08, 0.40] [65]
Tanreqing 0.24 [0.19, 0.29] [65]
Reduning 0.26 [0.20, 0.32] [65]
Yuxingcao 0.73 [0.06, 1.41] [65]
Chinese oral herbal paste 3.09 [1.49, 4.69] [66]
NAC n.s. [67]
Xiaoqinglong 0.37 [0.27, 0.46] [68] 5.11[ 4.21, 6.00] [68]
Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction 0.16 [0.06, 0.26] [69]
Baduanjin 3.45 [0.49, 6.44] [70]
Liuzijue 4.43 [1.12, 7.70] [70]
Taijiquan 4.05 [0.71, 7.34] [70]
Wuqinxi 8.62 [4.46, 13.04] [70]
Bufei Granule 0.37 [0.34, 0.40] [71] 8.05 [3.86, 12.23] [71] 7.53 [4.42, 10.63] [71]
Shenling Baizhu San n.s [72] n.s. [72] 6.83 [5.40, 8.27] [72]
Qingjin Huatan 0.29 [0.08, 0.51] [73]
Yiqibushenhuoxue n.s. [74] n.s.[74]
Compound Honey Syrup (CHS)) 0.25L [0.04, 0.46] [15] 4.66 [0.59, 8.73] [15] 5.37 L[1.36, 9.38] [15]
Tualang honey n.s.[75] n.s. .[75]
Jeeva® (Plant-based Nutraceutical) n.s. increase by 0.26 L [-0.12,0.64] [76] v.s. baseline 0.16 L [−0.25,0.57] [77] n.s. 1.73[-3.74,7.21] [76] v.s. baseline n.s. 0.67 [−1.44,3.77] [77]
Cannabis Increase by 0.013 L [0.006,0.020] per year of daily joint use [78] FVC by 20 mL/joint-year (95% CI, 12 to 27; P < .001),
Glutamine Positively associated with FEV1 [79]. One SD difference in metabolite levels associated with 0.026L [0.017,0.051]L
Glycine Positively associated with FEV1 [79] One SD difference in metabolite levels associated with 0.026L [0.017,0.051]L
Hydrocinnamate Positively associated with FEV1 [79]. One SD difference in metabolite levels associated with 0.026L [0.017,0.051]L
Resvertraol n.s. [80]
L-carnitine FEV-1correlates with plasma total carnitine n COPD patients (r=0.77) [81]
N-acetyl cysteine 0.031 [0.025,0.036]L [82] 0.030[0.024,0.037] [82]
Sauna PEFR 0.48 ± 0.79 L/s) vs -0.11 ± 0.72 L/s) in control group [83]
Umckaloabo n.s. [84]