Sample size
Hodgson et al.6 reported that the rate of successful
intubation on the first attempt without physiological instability was
31% in newborns who did not receive additional respiratory support
during intubation. In the present study, it was hypothesized that the
success rate of intubation on the first attempt without physiological
instability would increase from 31% to 54% upon the implementation of
NIPPV during intubation. The sample size was calculated using the
“G*Power 3.1.9.4” program with a type I error of 5% level and a power
of 80%. Accordingly, it was concluded that 75 intubation episodes were
required for each group, and 150 intubation episodes were required in
total.