<32 weeks (n = 79) ≥32 weeks (n = 71)
NIPPV Group (n = 44) Standart-Care Group (n = 35) p NIPPV Group (n = 31) Standart-Care Group (n = 40) p
Gestational age (w) 28 (26-29) 28 (25-29) 0.174 35 (33-38) 36 (35-38) 0.185
≤35 previous intubation, n (%) 17 (38.6) 10 (28.6) 0.349 12 (38.7) 18 (45) 0.595
Successful intubation on the first attempt without physiological instability, n (%) 24 (54.5) 16 (45.7) 0.435 14 (45.2) 12 (30) 0.188
Successful intubation on the first attempt without physiological instability according to operator experience level
≤35 previous intubations, n / total n (%) 6 / 17 (35.3) 1 / 10 (10) 0.204 1 / 12 (8.3) 0 0.400
>35 previous intubations, n / total n (%) 18 (66.7) 15 (60) 0.618 13 (68.4) 12 (54.5) 0.364
Successful intubation without physiological instability throughout all intubation attempts, n (%) 28 (63.6) 18 (51.4) 0.274 20 (64.5) 14 (35) 0.014
Successful intubation without physiological instability throughout all intubation attempts according to operator experience level
≤35 previous intubations, n / total n (%) 8 / 17 (47.1) 2 / 10 (20) 0.230 5 /12 (41.7) 1 / 18 (5.6) 0.026
>35 previous intubations, n / total n (%) 20 (74.1) 16 (64) 0.432 15 (78.9) 13 (59.1) 0.173
Successful intubation on the first attempt, n (%) 29 (65.9) 19 (54.3) 0.293 16 (51.6) 20 (50) 0.893
Lowest SpO2 during procedure (%) 83 (76-92) 76 (68-85) 0.008 86 (73-91) 73 (60-85) 0.007
Lowest heart rate during procedure (bpm) 111 (100-127) 105 (90-116) 0.021 119 (112-140) 107 (84-124) 0.003
SpO2 <90%, n (%) 30 (68.2) 32 (91.4) 0.013 20 (64.5) 31 (77.5) 0.228
SpO2 <80%, n (%) 13 (29.5) 20 (57.1) 0.013 11 (35.5) 23 (57.5) 0.066
Bradicardia (<100/bpm), n (%) 10 (22.7) 15 (42.9) 0.056 4 (12.9) 16 (40) 0.012
Severe desaturation, n (%) 13 (29.5) 15 (42.9) 0.219 10 (32.3) 22 (55) 0.056
Time to SpO2 <90% (s) 15 (10-15) 10 (10-19) 0.437 18 (11-30) 10 (10-20) 0.065
Time to severe desaturation (s) 15 (10-22) 20 (15-50) 0.188 41 (20-58) 20 (15-40) 0.044
Duration of severe desaturation (s) 10 (10-12) 15 (10-48) 0.045 21 (10-58) 20 (14-47) 0.806
Time to bradicardia (s) 20 (18-42) 20 (10-40) 0.413 25 (12-41) 25 (20-40) 0.666
Duration of bradicardia (s) 10 (5-20) 10 (10-15) 0.533 10 (10-13) 13 (10-20) 0.372
Duration of first intubation attempt (s) 15 (10-29) 15 (10-25) 0.704 25 (15-40) 20 (15-40) 0.652
Time to successful intubation (s) 23 (11-50) 24 (12-65) 0.554 30 (15-104) 40 (20-87) 0.894