Gestational age (w)* |
31.0 ± 4.4 |
31.8 ± 5.2 |
0.284 |
Birth weight (g)# |
1470 (989-2468) |
1640
(910-2670) |
0.842 |
Delivery by cesarean section, n (%) |
65 (86.7) |
68 (90.7) |
0.440 |
Male gender, n (%) |
47 (62.7) |
50 (66.7) |
0.608 |
Apgar score at 5 min# |
8 (7-9) |
8 (6-9) |
0.555 |
Postmenstrual age at intubation (w)* |
31.5 ± 4.6 |
33.5 ± 5.5 |
0.020 |
Weight at intubation (g)# |
1470 (956-2518) |
1850 (1020-2910) |
0.065 |
Age at intubation (h)# |
30 (4-120) |
53
(8-360) |
0.245 |
Respiratory support before intubation |
|
|
|
MV, n (%)
|
2 (2.7)
|
20 (26.7)
|
<0.001
|
NIV, n (%)
|
73 (97.3)
|
40 (53.3)
|
<0.001
|
Low-flow oxygen, n (%)
|
0
|
6 (8)
|
0.028
|
None, n (%)
|
0
|
9 (12)
|
0.003
|
Oxygenation and heart rate before intubation |
|
|
|
FiO2 (%)#
|
50 (40-60)
|
45 (40-50)
|
0.023
|
SpO2 (%)#
|
93 (90-97)
|
92 (90-95)
|
0.138
|
Heart rate (bpm)#
|
148 (142-162)
|
142 (135-162)
|
0.027
|
Primary indication for intubation |
|
|
|
Ventilation failure, n (%)
|
31 (41.3)
|
23 (30.7)
|
0.174
|
Oxygenation failure, n (%)
|
14 (18.7)
|
14 (18.7)
|
>0.99
|
Frequent apnoea events, n (%)
|
10 (13.3)
|
11 (14.7)
|
0.814
|
Surfactant administration, n (%)
|
17 (22.7)
|
8 (10.7)
|
0.049
|
Unplanned extubation, n (%)
|
2 (2.7)
|
12 (16)
|
0.005
|
Others, n (%)
|
1 (1.3)
|
7 (9.3)
|
0.032
|
Number of intubation attempts# |
1 (1-5) |
1
(1-4) |
0.482 |
Multipl attempts (≥3 attempts), n (%) |
11 (7.3) |
10 (7) |
0.814 |
Premedication use, n (%) |
12 (16) |
19 (25.3) |
0.158 |
Operator experience level for previous intubation, n (%) |
|
|
|
≤35
|
29 (38.7)
|
28 (37.3)
|
0.866
|
>35
|
46 (61.3)
|
47 (62.7)
|
|