jabbrv-ltwa-all.ldf jabbrv-ltwa-en.ldfMeasures
Depression severity (primary outcome) was assessed with the clinical interview version of the Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) (20). Depression treatment response was defined as a minimum of 50% reduction of MADRS scores compared to pre-surgery. Anxiety was measured with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale (HAM-A) (21). The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale was used to assess the level of function. (22). After DBS surgery, psychiatric symptoms were evaluated with MADRS, HAM-A, and GAF after three, six, and twelve months of active stimulation and then yearly until four- or five years post-surgery. Due to missing data on pre-surgical GAF in Patient 2, a pre-operative GAF score was estimated retrospectively based on the clinical records before DBS surgery.