Treatment with deep brain stimulation (DBS)
The participants were randomized to DBS in either MFB or BNST for the first three months, followed by a crossover to the opposite target area for three months, with patients and raters blinded to the DBS target. Following the blinded phase, the patients entered an open-label phase and received continuous stimulation in the most optimal targets. For the stimulation target and parameters, see Supplement Table 1.