Bangpu Ni/Co High-tech Co. |
Stabilisation of spent LIBs in brine
solution. |
(Natarajan & Aravindan, 2018) |
Batrec Industrie |
Stabilisation and storage of the batteries in water,
followed by wet shredding under water. The loading of cells into the
water is kept sufficiently low to ensure any hydrogen produced remains
below flash-point concentrations. |
(Rädecker, 2024) |
BDT |
Batteries are crushed under a sodium hydroxide solution without
prior discharging. |
(Cardarelli & Dube, 2001) |
Cwenga Technologies |
Shredding of batteries under aqueous solution of
calcium chloride with gas recovery. |
(Linnenkoper, 2022) |
EcoBat (G&P Batteries, Promesa) |
The Promesa process originally
shredded the batteries under an aqueous solution. |
(Träger, et al.,
2015), (Sojka, et al., 2020), (Pinegar & Smith, 2019) |
Euro Dieuze Industrie (SARP) |
Stabilisation and storage of the
batteries in water, followed by wet shredding under water. |
(Latini, et
al., 2022; Sojka, et al., 2020) |
Green Eco Manufacture (GEM) |
Batteries are discharged by immersion in a
sodium hydroxide solution before shredding. |
(Wang, et al.,
2011) |
LiCycle |
Submersion in a solution of Ca(OH)2 and NaCl
for discharging and shredding. |
(Latini, et al., 2022) |
Neometals |
Stabilisation using a brine solution (salt used is not
disclosed). |
(Latini, et al., 2022) |
Retriev (ToxCo) |
Presently, the cells are crushed under an aqueous LiOH
solution. This hydrolyses the exposed lithium and cools the batteries to
prevent thermal runaway. |
(Harper, et al., 2019), (Makwarimba, et al.,
2022), (Latini, et al., 2022), (Grandjean, et al., 2019), (Smith &
Swoffer, 2013) |
SungEel HiTech (SungEel MCC Americas) |
Stabilisation in a brine
solution before shredding and hydrometallurgical processes |
(SungEel
HiTech, 2022) |
Taisen Recycling |
Wet shredding of the batteries in water. |
(Avicenne
Energy, 2018) |