FIGURE 4 Dynamic distribution change patterns of four Lamiaceae species across different periods in the Third Pole. The yellow region shows the area remained still (Unchanged), the green region shows the new area to be colonized (Gained), and the blue region shows the area to be lost (Lost).
Overall, in the future, species potential distribution areas will expand in the high–altitude and high–latitude regions of the TP, while continually contracting in the regions of the Hengduan Mountains ( Figure 3 and Figure 4). All species are facing a reduction in their current potential distribution range of at least 8% up to as much as 30%. Species with a higher current mean altitude exhibit more pronounced distribution losses in the Hengduan Mountains (Table 1 and Table 2). Warmer scenarios will accelerate the shifts with higher loss and gain.