Abstract: Objectives: Sudden deafness, also known as sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), has numbers hypotheses about its etiology. One of them believes that changes in sex hormone levels may increase the risk of thrombosis and block the cochlear microcirculation, leading to the occurrence of SSNHL. Design: Women in different periods of physiological cycles, the levels of sex hormones in their body will change significantly, which had correlated to SSNHL. Participants: This study collected 435 female subjects who were admitted to the otolaryngology clinic of our hospital from July 2017 to November 2019. Setting: The participants were grouped by the menstrual cycle. Main outcome measures: The pure tone audiometry test results of the subjects were recorded and the differences among the groups were be analyzed. Results: 1. There was a significant difference in the average hearing threshold of subjects in different periods (F(3, 774)=8.773, P<0.001), and the average hearing threshold in follicular period (35.44 dBHL) was significantly lower than that in menstrual period (51.09 dBHL, P<0.001), luteal period (42.69 dBHL, P=0.036) and menopause (47.39 dBHL, P<0.001); 2. There was a correlation between the subjects at different periods and the severity of SSNHL (2 = 38.587, P <0.001), and the SSNHL severity was the slightest in the follicular period according to the mean rank value. 3. The analysis of SSNHL typing of subjects at different periods were variously (2 = 38.568, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study can explain the effect of sex hormone on SSNHL to a certain extent, and we will further explore the relationship between sex hormone levels and SSNHL, in order to provide more support for the diagnosis and treatment of SSNHL.