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Mechanistic Insight into Ligand-promoted Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Alkenylation of Simple Arenes with Internal Alkynes : A Computational Study
  • Weirong Wu,
  • Hua Hou,
  • Yanzhen Li
Weirong Wu
Wuhan University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Hua Hou
Wuhan University
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Yanzhen Li
Chongqing Three Gorges University
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Abstract

The ligand-promoted palladium-catalyzed hydroarylation of alkynes with arenes without directing group is able to furnish alkenyl chlorides via a 1,4-chlorine migration or trisubstituted alkenes. This reaction is challenging due to bidentate N, N ligand and electron-neutral arenes have rarely been reported to afford good yields. We carried out density functional theory calculations to better understand the elementary steps of the reaction and unveil the ligand effects and origin of substituent-controlled chemoselectivity of challenging C-H activation. For the n-propyl-substituted substrate, CMD process is the rate-determining step of the catalytic reaction. And the chemoselectivity is controlled by oxidative addition with the C-Cl bond cleavage and protonation process. However, for the reaction with 3,5-dimethylphenyl-substituented substrate, the key step of the whole catalytic cycle is the protonation process. The stronger electrostatic attractions, repulsive force and aryl substituent effects result in reverse chemoselectivity. Bidentate ligand L1 (2-OH-1,10-phenanthroline) reacts with Pd(OAc)2 to form a most stable square-planer species, which is different from the one formed by ligand L2(1,10-phenanthroline). The steric repulsion are found to be mainly responsible for no product with L2 as the ligand, which is different from as proviously reported.
30 Jun 2020Submitted to International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
30 Jun 2020Submission Checks Completed
30 Jun 2020Assigned to Editor
15 Jul 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Sep 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
07 Sep 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Major
19 Sep 20201st Revision Received
21 Sep 2020Submission Checks Completed
21 Sep 2020Assigned to Editor
20 Oct 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
20 Oct 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
20 Oct 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
29 Oct 20202nd Revision Received
03 Nov 2020Submission Checks Completed
03 Nov 2020Assigned to Editor
03 Nov 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
03 Nov 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
03 Nov 2020Editorial Decision: Accept