Acute Kidney Injury among Salicylate Intoxication Hospitalizations in
the United States
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and the
association of acute kidney injury (AKI) with outcomes, and resource
utilization in patients hospitalized due to salicylate intoxication in
the United States. Methods: Hospitalized patients with a primary
diagnosis of salicylate intoxication from 2003 to 2014 were identified
in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. End-stage kidney
disease patients were excluded. The occurrence of AKI was identified
using hospital diagnosis code. Clinical characteristics, in-hospital
treatment, outcomes and resource utilization were compared between
patients with and without AKI. Results: A total of 13,787 eligible
hospital admissions were included in the analysis. AKI occurred in 1,279
(9.3%) admissions. Older age, male sex, more recent year of
hospitalization, anemia, hypertension, congestive heart failure, chronic
kidney disease, volume depletion, sepsis, and ventricular
arrhythmia/cardiac arrest were significantly associated with increased
risk of AKI, whereas Hispanic race was associated with decreased risk.
AKI was significantly associated with increased risk of organ failure,
and in-hospital mortality. In addition, the need for ventilation
support, blood component transfusion, renal replacement therapy, length
of hospital stay, and hospitalization cost were higher in AKI patients.
Conclusion: Approximately one tenth of salicylate intoxication patients
developed AKI during hospitalization. AKI was associated with higher
morbidity, mortality, and resource utilizations.