Evaluation of Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Prognosis, Diagnosis and
Treatment Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is considered a widespread concern in global public
health. Diagnoses of COVID-19 in some cases are necessary due to severe
prognosis. In this study, clinical and demographic characteristics of
patients with COVID-19 were studied in Taleghani Hospital, Urmia, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional (retrospective)
study carried out on 215 patients with COVID-19 during March and April
2020.. Approved COVID-19 case was considered as a person with a positive
respiratory sample performed by at least one of two RT-PCR methods or
genetic sequencing. Results: The mean age of patients was 50.93±17.92
years. The mean hospital stay, the temperature at admission, and onset
of symptoms were 4.91±3.68 days, 37.40±0.96 0C, and 5.88±4.80 days,
respectively. Shortness of breath and cough were found in 62.8 % and
49.3 % of patients. Regarding lung involvement, 33 patients (33%) were
normal, most of the patients (n=71) had 5-25% involvement in their lung
and a minority of patients (n=13) had a severe condition of 50-75% lung
involvement. .Spo2 can increase the risk of death by 16% with each unit
reduction. Kidney involvement increases the chance of mortality by 1.386
times (95% CI: 11.010-2.704). Hemoglobin was also significantly
marginal, with a 35% risk of death per unit reduction in blood
hemoglobin, which is a very important finding in this study. The odds
ratio of spo2 and hemoglobin for mortality due to COVID-19 was 1.16
(95% CI: 1.073-1.262) and 1.350 (95% CI: 0.989-1.842), respectively.
Conclusion: COVID-19, like other viral diseases, can involve different
organs of the body with different severity. In the meantime, smoking was
not a risk factor for the virus or associated with severe manifestations
of the disease. Patients with high creatinine and CPK, pulmonary
involvement above 25%, and hypoxemia had a higher mortality