Distribution and habitat attributes associated with the Himalayan red
panda in the westernmost distribution range, Nepal
Abstract
The Himalayan red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is of special interest in
evolutionary studies due to its taxonomic uniqueness. Globally, Nepal
represents the Westernmost edge of the red panda distribution. Fewer
studies of red panda have been carried out which hinders the
implementation of effective conservation actions of the species. We aim
to determine important habitat features influencing the distribution of
red panda and recommend possible habitat corridors. We conducted an
extensive field survey and analyzed red panda presence data, key food
resources (bamboo), and bioclimatic variables to build a Maxent habitat
model and determine habitat requirements of the red panda. Himalayan red
pandas were confined between the range of 2600 m - 3,600 m, with most
records between 3250 m - 3400 m on the north and west-facing slopes. The
potentially suitable habitat of the red panda in Western Nepal is
estimated to be about 3,222 km2 with a relative abundance of 3.34
signs/km. Important habitat attributes for red panda occurrence include
aspects, canopy cover, bamboo cover, and distance to water. Combining
species habitat requirements and disturbance factors (human footprint),
we suggested five potential biological corridors in Western Nepal.
Western Nepal has suitable habitat attributes for the red panda
distributions. Ecological variables such as canopy cover, bamboo cover,
distance to the water, and aspects are important attributes for red
panda occurrence in Western Nepal alike Central Nepal. We suggested five
potential corridors in Western Nepal; however, due to a lack of detailed
knowledge on corridors and connectivity, a comprehensive field-based
assessment is required to validate it scientifically. Keywords:
Biological Corridor; Distribution; Habitat requirements; Red panda