Prediction of soil desiccation and yield loss adopting new plant
physiological thresholds in apple forests on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Abstract
Plant physiological thresholds, based on the response of plant
physiological parameters to soil available water, were proposed to
optimize soil drought and desiccation studies. However, further research
is lacked to explore the discrepancy between plant physiological
thresholds and traditional threshold, stable field capacity (SFC), in
prolong drought modelling. This discrepancy may misjudge the occurrence
and severity of dry soil layer (DSL) and bring uncertainty to vegetation
selection and planting years estimation. In this study, Environment
Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model was used to predict soil water
dynamics and drought yield loss (YL) in apple main production zone on
the Chinese Loess Plateau from 2021 to 2080 under four General
Circulation Models (GCMs). Subsequently, plant physiological thresholds
were determined with leaf net photosynthetic (TPN) and transpiration
rate (TTR) and compared with SFC in long-term DSL prediction. The
present results showed that TPN and TTR significantly slowed down the
formation of DSL and enhanced the correlation between DSL and YL.
Forming serious DSL (Quantitative Index, QI > 0.5) has
slowed from 20 to 30 years, and R2 of YL and QI increase from 0.265 to
0.528 (QIPN) and 0.409 (QITR). Moreover, future climate change
accumulatively reduced 9.95-14.18% of the YL. These results indicated
that traditional method overestimated the environmental contradiction
between economic benefits and eco-hydrology of apple forests, which
could bring unreliable messages to policymaker to restrict further
development of apple industries. This study was emphasized that
evaluating DSL based on plant physiological threshold reflected better
plant growth and water stress, which contributed to further study the
sustainable development of fragile ecosystem.