Extrarenal Wilms tumor with hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy in
an infant: A case report and review of the literature
Abstract
While Wilms tumors are the most frequently detected renal cancer type in
children, extrarenal Wilms tumors (ERWTs) remain rare. This report is
the first to describe hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy in a
patient with an ERWT. A six-month-old male infant presented with an
abdominal mass and paroxysmal hypertension, echocardiography revealed
dilated cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 34%, as well as
substantially increased plasma renin activity. Pathology yielded a
definitive diagnosis of ERWT. Cardiac function and blood pressure
gradually returned to normal after tumorectomy. The early diagnosis of
such a tumor together with efficient oncologic treatment are vital to
optimal patient outcomes.