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Local and landscape environmental heterogeneity drive ant community structure in temperate semi-natural upland grasslands
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  • Antonio Pérez Sánchez,
  • Anett Schibalski,
  • Boris Schröder,
  • Sebastian Klimek,
  • Jens Dauber
Antonio Pérez Sánchez
Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas Forestry and Fisheries

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Anett Schibalski
Technische Universitat Braunschweig
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Boris Schröder
Technische Universitat Braunschweig
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Sebastian Klimek
Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas Forestry and Fisheries
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Jens Dauber
Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas Forestry and Fisheries
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Abstract

Environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of ecological communities. Here, we assessed the effects of local and landscape spatial environmental heterogeneity on ant community structure in temperate semi-natural upland grasslands of Central Germany. We surveyed 33 grassland sites representing a gradient in elevation and landscape composition. Local environmental heterogeneity was measured in terms of variability of temperature and moisture within and between grasslands sites. Grassland management type (pasture vs. meadows) was additionally included as a local environmental heterogeneity measure. The complexity of habitat types in the surroundings of grassland sites were used as a measure of landscape environmental heterogeneity. As descriptors of ant community structure, we considered species composition, community evenness, and functional response traits. We found that extensively grazed pastures and within-site heterogeneity in soil moisture at local scale, and a high diversity of land cover types at the landscape scale affected ant species composition by promoting nest densities. Ant community evenness was high in wetter grasslands with low within-site variability in soil moisture and surrounded by a less diverse landscape. Fourth-corner models revealed that ant community structure response to environmental heterogeneity was mediated mainly by worker size, colony size, and life history traits related with colony reproduction and foundation. We discuss how within-site local variability in soil moisture and low intensity grazing promote ant species densities, and highlight the role of habitat temperature and humidity affecting on community evenness. We hypothesize that a higher diversity of land cover types in a forest-dominated landscape buffers less favorable environmental conditions for ant species establishment and dispersal between grasslands. We conclude that spatial environmental heterogeneity at local and landscape scale plays an important role as deterministic force in filtering ant species and, along with neutral processes (e.g. stochastic colonization), in shaping ant community structure in temperate semi-natural upland grasslands.
12 Jul 2022Submitted to Ecology and Evolution
12 Jul 2022Submission Checks Completed
12 Jul 2022Assigned to Editor
28 Jul 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
18 Aug 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
19 Aug 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
27 Oct 20221st Revision Received
03 Nov 2022Submission Checks Completed
03 Nov 2022Assigned to Editor
03 Nov 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
07 Nov 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
06 Jan 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
14 Jan 20232nd Revision Received
17 Jan 2023Assigned to Editor
17 Jan 2023Submission Checks Completed
17 Jan 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
23 Feb 2023Editorial Decision: Accept