Early prediction of breast cancer based on the classification of HER-2
and ER Biomarkers using Deep Neural Network
Abstract
Background: Due to the highly coarse chromatin,
multi-dimensionality of the histo image, irregularity of shape and size,
texture, and appearance, nuclei extraction is challenging. To address
these complexities, a deep learning algorithm called a stacked sparse
autoencoder had been considered a research factor in this paper.
Methods and Material: This paper focuses on detecting the
epithelial regions and extracting high-level features to segment the
patches based on the nuclei and classify the biomarkers concerning the
nuclei patches. We used 6,53,400 microscopic image patches of 363
patients sourced from the BreakHis database, of which 4,90,050 prominent
image patches containing only nuclei were utilized for Biomarker
classification (Basically eliminating the non-nuclei patches from 363
Whole slide Images (WSI)). The non-nuclei patches were eliminated due to
imbalanced class distribution. Results: The classifier finally
classifies if the nuclei detected based on the features are benign or
malignant, or normal with an accuracy of 99.73%, using which the early
prediction is performed by extracting and classifying the biomarkers
HER2 and ER. The overall classification rate of classifying HER-2 and ER
is 97.52%. Conclusion: The HER2 +ve was classified with
intensity above 23%, and Total nuclei in the range 150-1000 are termed
ER positive. Based on these 40 patients with HER2 +ve and 25 patients
with ER +ve were detected out of 363 patients. From the observation, it
is concluded that 25-40 patients are risked of breast cancer in the next
5 years due to the cell proliferation rate of 7000.