Hosting Capacity of Distribution Networks for Controlled and
Uncontrolled Residential EV Charging with Static and Dynamic Thermal
Ratings of Network Components
Abstract
This paper proposes an approach to evaluate the loading limits of
distribution networks due to increasing EV connections. It focuses on
two parameters: after-diversity maximum demand (ADMD) and maximum daily
energy demand (MDED). Using actual EV charging data from the UK, Monte
Carlo simulations generate daily charging profiles, identifying ADMD,
MDED, and seasonal variations. ADMD, MDED, and per-hour maximum EV
charging demands are combined with UK residential load profiles before
EV connection. Their maximum demands are assessed against thermal rating
limits, establishing the network’s hosting capacity (HC) for
uncontrolled EV charging. To determine the maximum safe number of
connected EVs, different scheduling methods for controlled EV charging
are compared, considering per-hour maximum demand values, thermal
limits, and MDED. This defines the network’s HC for fully controlled EV
charging. The approach is demonstrated on the IEEE 33-bus test network.
Pre-EV residential demands are obtained from a UK MV substation, and
ambient data is collected from a UK Met Office weather station. Results
provide a range of network HC values for uncontrolled and controlled EV
charging, representing lower and upper limits. These limits correlate
with firm and non-firm network HC concepts and guide optimal network
upgrades for exceeding these limits.