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Echocardiographic assessment of left cardiac structure and function in ART-naïve people living with HIV/AIDS
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  • Xing Hu,
  • Yuan Zhang,
  • Tong Zhang,
  • Weihua Li,
  • Jing Han,
  • Xuhui Zhang,
  • Fankun Meng
Xing Hu
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Yuan Zhang
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Tong Zhang
Capital Medical University, Beijing
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Weihua Li
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Jing Han
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Xuhui Zhang
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Fankun Meng
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Abstract

Background: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to HIV-negative people. Left heart dysfunction is the most common cardiac complication in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and diastolic dysfunction is an important predictor of cardiovascular events. The aims of this study were 1) to detect changes in left cardiac structure and function in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive PLWHA using echocardiography; and 2) to investigate the risk factors for the development of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in ART-naive PLWHA. Methods: We retrospectively included 105 ART-naïve PLWHA and included 90 healthy subjects as controls to compare the differences in left heart structure and function between the two groups. Univariate and multifactorial logistic regression were employed to explore the risk factors of the development of LVDD in ART-naive PLWHA. Results: The left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were significantly greater in PLWHA than in controls (p<0.05). The E/A ratio, lateral e’ velocity, and mitral deceleration time (DT) were significantly lower in PLWHA than in controls (p < 0.05). Average E/e’ ratio was significantly higher in PLWHA than in controls (p < 0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were not significantly different between PLWHA and controls (p>0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index (BMI), and CD4+ count < 200 cells/μL were independent influencing factors for LVDD in ART-naive PLWHA (OR=1.781, 1.228, 3.683, p<0.05). Conclusions: Left ventricular systolic function did not differ between PLWHA and controls, and left ventricular diastolic function was lower in PLWHA than in controls. Age, BMI, and CD4+ count were independent factors affecting LVDD in ART-naive PLWHA.
26 Nov 2022Submitted to Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
28 Nov 2022Submission Checks Completed
28 Nov 2022Assigned to Editor
28 Nov 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
30 Nov 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
02 Jan 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
18 Jan 20231st Revision Received
03 Feb 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
03 Feb 2023Submission Checks Completed
03 Feb 2023Assigned to Editor
07 Feb 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Feb 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
17 Feb 20232nd Revision Received
17 Feb 2023Submission Checks Completed
17 Feb 2023Assigned to Editor
17 Feb 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
18 Feb 2023Editorial Decision: Accept
Apr 2023Published in Immunity, Inflammation and Disease volume 11 issue 4. https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.799