MDMA enhances early visual processing for salient socio-emotional
stimuli.
Abstract
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has long been used
non-medically, and it is currently under investigation for its potential
therapeutic benefits. Both uses may be related to its ability to enhance
empathy, sociability, emotional processing and its anxiolytic effects.
However, the neural mechanisms underlying these effects, and their
specificity to MDMA compared to other stimulants, are not yet fully
understood. Here, using electroencephalography (EEG), we investigated
the effects of MDMA and a prototypic stimulant, methamphetamine (MA), on
early visual processing of socio-emotional stimuli in an oddball
emotional faces paradigm. Specifically, we examined whether MDMA or MA
enhance the processing of facial expressions, compared to placebo,
during the early stages of visual perception. MDMA enhanced an
event-related component that is sensitive to detecting faces (N170),
specifically for happy and angry expressions compared to neutral faces.
MA did not affect this measure, and neither drug altered other
components of the response to emotional faces. These findings provide
novel insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of MDMA
on socio-emotional processing and may have implications for the
therapeutic use of MDMA in the treatment of social anxiety and other
psychiatric disorders.