This article focuses on the historical background of Indian education during the pre and post-independence eras. The core aim of the paper was on the comparative analysis of Indian National Education Policies. It is a historical and analytical study based on doctrinal and library methods. The educational policies of India are analyzed comparatively. Educational policy is the driving force for the actualizing of predetermined national goals. The National Education Policy of 1968 focused on a uniform educational system throughout the country. The national education policy of 1986 and 1992 was focused on quality and equality in the education sector of India. Recently the government of India announced its new Educational policy which is based on the recommendations of Dr. Kasturirangan, the former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The National Education Policy 2020 is an educational reform after 34 years, emphasizing more on holistic and multi-disciplinary approaches.