Abstract

Zinc-ion secondary batteries hold exciting potential due to their outstanding charge-discharge performance, high power and energy density, cost-effectiveness, safety, and eco-friendliness. Metallic zinc, with its superior conductivity, low equilibrium potential, high theoretical specific capacity, and affordability, is an ideal anode material for aqueous secondary batteries. However, the use of conventional aqueous electrolytes often results in problems like dissolution of cathode active materials, decomposition of aqueous solvents, and issues related to dendrite growth, corrosion, and passivation. These challenges limit the reversible capacity and lifespan of zinc-ion secondary batteries. By optimizing and adjusting factors like electrolyte, morphology, and surface modifications of the zinc anode, these battery performances can be enhanced. This article reviews recent progress in anode materials for aqueous zinc-ion secondary batteries, including metal zinc anodes, composite zinc anodes, and zinc alloys. Additionally, it provides a summary and future outlook on the challenges encountered during the implementation and application of the emerging rechargeable zinc battery technology.