Abstract

Candida and other yeast infections represent a major component of invasive mycoses globally, including the Arabian Peninsula. In this review, we present epidemiological features and trends, clinical manifestations, species distribution, antifungal resistance, and outcomes available for yeast-related infections in different countries of the Arabian Peninsula. We also discuss gaps in knowledge and provide recommendations for improving various aspects for better management of infections by these fungal pathogens. Candida species prevail, with Candida albicans being the most isolated organism in all countries but not in all time periods. The next most frequently isolated organism varied from country-to-country within the region. Generally, invasive infections by non- albicans Candida species are increasing. Candida auris is causing serious health risks in all countries including those with appropriate diagnostic capacity and awareness. A major goal of this collaborative work is to set-up a regional system to share information on the clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of C. auris-related infections and share experiences on best management and infection control strategies in the region. Information is also reviewed on other yeast infections in the region which are less frequently observed and seem to differ between different countries, likely because of differences in clinical practices and research interests among individual countries.