Abstract
Background: Equine obesity is a growing concern, much of the
current management advice centres on dietary restrictions, including the
removal or limitation of grazing. Little is known about the
effectiveness and impact of this approach on the overall welfare of the
horse. Objective: This study investigates the impact of two
commonly used grazing systems advocated for the control of weight – the
‘strip-grazing’ system and the ‘track’ system - on the behaviour and
welfare of outdoor living ponies. Study design: A
within-subject cross-over experimental design was used with four groups
of pasture kept ponies experiencing each system for 4 weeks in a random
order. Methods: Time budgets and behavioural indicators of
welfare were measured using 24-hour electronic surveillance,
morphometric parameters including weight, body condition score and
cresty neck score were measured weekly and activity levels were tracked
using GPS tracking units. Results: Ponies moved more (median
(IQR), track: 3.23% (2.08%), strip: 2.02% (0.90%); P = 0.001) and
travelled a greater distance in 24-hour period (median (IQR), track:
7013.47m (1761.49m), strip: 5331.91m (494.16m); P < 0.001) and
engaged in less overt agonistic behaviour on the track system compared
with the strip system (median IQR; track: 0.14 (0.30), strip: 0.21
(0.37) P = 0.02). Main Limitations: A relatively short time
period of exposure to each grazing system. Conclusions: Track
systems resulted in a significant increase in ambulatory behaviour
compared with the strip system. Increased levels of agonistic
interactions on the strip system maybe the result of perceived reduction
of space or a spatial concentration of resources compared to the track
system, although the actual accessible area was the same. These results
suggest that there may be physical health benefits to the track system
as the ponies engaged in more voluntary low intensity exercise as well
as improvements to overall welfare.