Seasonal Abundance and Habitat Use of Birds in the Savanna Region of
Western Africa
Abstract
Robust environmental data are a prerequisite to curtailing the current
environmental degradation, and understanding species-habitat
interactions as well as species’ response to habitat and seasonal
changes is necessary with degradation in the quality and quantity of
native habitats. Moreover, assessing the interaction between birds and
their habitats is essential in Afrotropical regions like Nigeria that
are subjected to extensive land use degradation. Here, we explored avian
species composition in four habitat types (farmland, shrubland, wetland,
suburban) and also evaluated their seasonal variation in community
composition. We carried out bird count using line transect sampling
method over six seasons. Species richness and abundance varied
considerably across seasons and habitats, bird assemblages were also
distinct between habitats and seasons. Seasonal change in community
composition was observed across habitats over the sampling seasons,
which was more evident in the shrubland and farmland. Species abundance
was highest in the wetland, while the shrubland had the highest species
richness, and in particularly, these two habitats had the largest number
of Palearctic migrant species. The European Turtle Dove (Streptopelia
turtur), and Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) are the species of
conservation concern recorded. This study highlights the significance of
the shrubland and wetland as hot spots for avian biodiversity; we
therefore call for the prioritization of these sites in the course of
conservation action by the concerned authority.