Nurturing Growth in Salt-Stricken Soil: Unveiling Halotolerant Bacteria
for Enhanced Crop Resilience in Saline Soil
Abstract
Saline stress poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity
worldwide, particularly in salt-affected regions. Plant growth-promoting
bacteria (PGPB) with halotolerant properties offer a sustainable
solution to mitigate this challenge. This study focuses on the
isolation, screening, and characterization of halotolerant bacteria from
saline environments to enhance plant growth under saline conditions.
Bacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere soils collected from
saline-affected agricultural fields in Thanjavur and Pudukkottai
districts, Tamil Nadu. The isolates were screened for their ability to
tolerate varying sodium chloride concentrations (0 M to 2.5 M) and
assessed for plant growth-promoting traits, including indole-3-acetic
acid (IAA) production, phosphate, potassium, and zinc solubilization.
Further characterization of the isolates focused on their sodium uptake,
exopolysaccharide production, and biofilm formation mechanisms critical
for survival in saline environments. Molecular identification via 16S
rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the isolates belong to the Bacillus
genus, known for their plant growth-promoting capabilities. In
conclusion, these halotolerant PGPB hold potential as eco-friendly
bio-inoculants to alleviate saline stress in crops, offering a
sustainable approach to improving agricultural productivity in
salt-affected soils. This research underscores the potential of
halotolerant PGPB in developing resilient agricultural practices.