Mountain stream networks have been demonstrated to be significant contributors to CO₂ emissions, playing a critical role in the global carbon (C) cycle. The heterogeneity of landscape, precipitation, and flow turbulence and persistence typical of mountain catchments affect the river ecosystem metabolism, the C lateral contribution and its fate, hindering its modeling. In addition, mountain ecosystems require increasing attention due to the rapid environmental changes they are facing as a result of global warming. These factors underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the effects of varying hydrodynamic, environmental, and morphological traits.