pH-study is a routine procedure in some European laryngology offices to diagnose laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Probe movements may complicate the testing leading to digestive symptoms and nose pains during the removal of the probe.

Cardiac involvement in electrical injury is rare yet poses serious manifestations with high mortality rate. In most cases, symptoms occur immediately after the incident. We present a case of cardiac arrest six hours following uneventful electrocution. The case emphasis the potential late sequel of cardiac injury.

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are common presentations in COVID-19 patients. We present three patients who received smell and taste tests after recovery. The smell test suspected persistent impairment of olfactory function in these patients. The report proposes continued evaluation of olfactory function by a smell test in COVID-19 patients.

Postpartum unscarred uterine ruptures are exceedingly rare. A 29-year-old multipara with a retained placenta presented hypovolemic shock. An emergency laparotomy revealed that her uterus was ruptured where the placenta adhered to. Pathological examination confirmed the placental accreta that could be a risk factor for postpartum unscarred uterine rupture.

We can safely treat mitral valve disease with mitral annular calcification using Sapien 3 valve through the incision of the right side of the left atrium under direct visualization preventing atrio-ventricular disruption and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Regular treatment of DKA patients includes rapid and large amount of fluids supply, which is not feasible in DKA patients associated with Uremia because of being urineless and prone to heart failure of these patinets. Our results indicated that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a better alternative.

A 70-year old patient with chronic atrial fibrillation, a large atrial septal defect (ASD) and severe tricuspid regurgitation of rheumatic aetiology was admitted to our unit for elective surgery, through a mini right thoracotomy (RT).

A 26-year-old female developed bilateral blindness after a complete remission for ALK-positive ALCL. Initial workup showed neurolymphomatosis involving the bilateral optic nerves. She underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation and she remained in complete remission after 1 year; however her vision never improved. ALCL likely led to destruction of the optic pathway.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is an anomaly where the pulmonary veins are directly connected to one of the systemic veins or to the right atrium. The most common classification of this condition is by Craig, Darling and Rothney, which is based on the anatomic site of abnormal connection

Rhombencephalitis refers to inflammatory diseases of the rhombencephalon. The encephalitic processes located to the rhombencephalon are frequently associated with Listeria monocytogenes and enterovirus infections. We report a case of community-acquired Klebsiella Pneumoniae systemic infection with CNS involvement in an adult patient without significant comorbidities.

A patient with Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome (BHDS) developed metastatic follicular thyroid cancer, which until now has never been described in someone with BHDS. Thyroid cancer is not currently recommended for screening with BHDS. This case presents implications for future guidelines and planning for renal transplant in patients with this condition.

Through this case, we present the thought process, team-based strategy and sequel of managing a complex, critically ill pregnant with ARDS and COVID-19 pneumonia. This case also confirms the feasibility of using convalescent plasma and ECMO during early postnatal period in acutely ill parturient with respiratory failure.

This chext x-ray (CXR) shows a large right sided pneumothorax with a degree mediastinal shift suggesting tensioning (The CXR you should never see!). Furthermore, features of pneumomediastinum are present including the continuous diaphragm sign, and subcutaneous emphysema around the neck and right side of the thorax

A 61-year-old woman who has undergone coronary artery bypass grafting 30 years ago, now reveals severe mitral regurgitation. Coronary angiography and computed tomography show patency of the graft. To avoid injuring the graft, mitral valve replacement under ventricular fibrillation without aortic cross clamping was performed through a right minithoracotomy approach.

Here we report a case of advanced extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) in 11-year-old child. Positron emission tomography-magnetic resolution image is a crucial image to diagnose ENKTL in this case. Additionally, a strong regime combined with stem cell transplantation possibly improve prognosis of ENKTL.

In up to 10 % of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the disease is caused by genetic disorders including metabolic diseases. Sometimes clinical workup may be confusing. To our knowledge, this is the first report of false positive results of scintigraphy indicating cardiac amyloidosis in a patient with Danon disease.

The kidneys are normally blooded from renal artery that anatomically originates from the abdominal aorta. However, there are accessory polar artery variations. Incidence varies ranges from 11.3% to 59.5% depending on ethnicity. We also wanted to show two different cases of accessory polar renal artery (APRA).

Cervical lymphadenopathy is a very common complaint for patients presenting to an endocrinology clinic. This case highlights common locations that malignancy presents at as well as their ultrasound characteristics.