A case report on retrograde approach for recanalization of stumpless chronic total occlusion (CTO)Dayu Wang, MM1; Ruibin Wei, MM1; Junteng Zheng, MM1; Zhen Liu, MM 1; Jian Hou, PhD1#;Jianhao Li, MM1#;1 Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China#Correspondence to:Jian Hou, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 511400, GD, China; E-mail: [email protected] Li, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 511400, GD, China; E-mail: [email protected]

A Case Report of Granular Cell Tumor of the Left Mandibular CanalXing-Hong Zhou MD, Zheng-Da Zhu MD, Yue Yan MD, Rui-Juan Zhang MD, Shi-Min Chang MDDepartment of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityCorrespondence: Shi-Min Chang, Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.Email: [email protected]

A document by Yasmine Elsherif. Click on the document to view its contents.

When approaching the common femoral artery (CFA), although arterial puncture is successful, inserting the sheath along the guidewire can sometimes prove challenging. This is particularly true in cases of severe CFA calcification, a history of multiple punctures due to chronic limb-threatening ischemia, or after CFA endarterectomy. Typically, attempts are made to

Bronchial foreign body presenting as pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a young child.Rajendra Shilpakar1, Nipun Shrestha1, Dhruba Shrestha1*1 Siddhi Memorial Hospital (For Women and Children), Bhaktapur, Nepal.Keywords: Foreign body aspiration, Pneumomediastinum, Pneumothorax, Subcutaneous emphysema

“UNUSUAL COEXISTENCE: A CASE OF MIXED SMALL AND LARGE CELL NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR IN A BLADDER PREVIOUSLY AFFECTED BY BILHARZIAL CYSTITIS”1Mohammed Saleh E. Khalifa SALEM,1Abdulhamid ALHEREK, 1Martin VAN ROOYEN, 1Alain Mwamba MUKENDI1University of the Witwatersrand, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Klerksdorp Hospital, Klerksdorp, Northwest, South Africa.*Corresponding AuthorAlain Mwamba MukendiCel: 0027711576350E-mail: [email protected]

Cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking psoriasis: a case report

A document by Mohammad Dalili. Click on the document to view its contents.

IntroductionForeign body aspiration (FBA) is common at both extremes of age and is a potentially life-threatening event(1). Advanced age, alcohol intoxication, psychiatric illness, seizure disorders, stroke, neuromuscular disorders, sedative or hypnotic drugs, and chronic debilitating conditions predispose the elderly to FBA(2). Common foreign bodies (FBs) aspirated include metallic objects, organic substances, dentures, chicken or fish bones, and peas(3). FBA in the elderly poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to several factors. These include the masking of respiratory symptoms post-aspiration, atypical imaging findings, the patient’s inability to recall the aspiration event, and the challenges encountered during bronchoscopy(4). FBA usually follows a choking event, often during feeding. The patient might present with dyspnea, hemoptysis, cough, a fall in oxygen saturation, anxiety, etc.(5). The signs and symptoms depend on the size of the foreign body and the level of obstruction. Small objects lodged in distal airways seldom produce acute symptoms, while the opposite is true for larger FBs lodged in larger airways. Stridor is present if FBs are lodged in trachea(6). FBA results in collapse/hyperinflation of lungs aerated by the airway. If there is chronic obstruction, obstructive pneumonia, bronchiectasis, and lung abscess can develop(2). FBs generally lodge in the right middle and lower lobe bronchi(4). FBA causing acute airway obstruction and respiratory failure requiring urgent intervention.

Introduction Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are a form of arteriovenous malformations clinically characterized by anomalous communications between arterial and venous systems that bypass the normal anatomic capillary beds (1). Broadly it can be divided into two forms based on the cause: acquired or congenital. Surgery, penetrating trauma, and percutaneous catheterization are the most common causes of acquired AVFs. Rarely AVFs can be formed in the absence of a clear cause and are called spontaneous AVFs which are rare with very few case reports in the literature (2-4). The anatomy of the fistula depends on the location in the body and where the causative factor was applied. Greater than 50% of traumatic AVFs happen in the lower extremity, and about one-third occur in the femoral vessels, while 15% take place in the popliteal vessels but AVF can occur at any site (5-8).AVFs present clinically with progressively growing pulsatile mass on each respective site associated with or without complications including infection, thrombosis, aneurysm, hypertension, and heart failure demanding timely intervention (9).

A document by Simeon Mengistu. Click on the document to view its contents.

Papaverine Effect on Superficial Vein in Thumb Replantation Procedure: A Case Study

“Chronic Periodontitis in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis_ Case Report”Rayeheh Tavajohi1, Amitis Sarbaz2, Hooshyar Honarmand1, Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi3*1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran2Georgia School of Orthodontics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA3Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorrespondence: Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Email: [email protected]

IntroductionHerpes simplex virus (HSV), is a member of an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus family named Herpesviridae, this virus causes latent infection of neural ganglia(1). It has a worldwide distribution and a wide range of clinical presentations depending on the host’s immune status and the infection site. In immunocompetent individuals, the most common presentation includes painful vesicles and erosions on an erythematous base, which can evolve into pustules and/or ulcerations (2, 3). In immunocompromised individuals such as solid organ or bone marrow transplant recipients, patients with hematologic malignancies, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HSV infection can have atypical manifestations, including chronic non-healing ulcers, verrucous plaques, and large protruding tumors. In the case of immunosuppressed patients, the lesions may disseminate and occur at multiple sites, including atypical locations such as the buttocks, abdomen, and lower back. Depending on the level of immunosuppression, HSV infection can have a variable duration, severity, and outcome. It can affect multiple or atypical sites, such as the abdominal, and thoracic regions, or even become disseminated(4, 5). In this article, we report a case of cutaneous perianal infection that presented as warty skin-colored papules and plaques underline the challenges in the morphologic and clinical diagnosis of this entity, and review the literature on verrucous HSV lesions in non-HIV patients.

Sympathetic Ophthalmia Following an Evisceration Surgery – A Case Report

IntroductionBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an uncommon hematologic malignancy originating from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (1). These cells harbor a specific immunophenotype, positive for CD4 and CD56 and negative for CD3 and CD19(2). The BPDCN is classified as a separate category besides acute myeloid leukemia and B/T cell leukemia/lymphoma in the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumors 5th edition (1). It commonly involves skin, and skin lesions including nodules and papules can be the only disease presentation; however, it can involve bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen (3, 4). Leukemic reaction may also occur. Breast tissue infiltration by BPDCN has been reported in one case (4). Aggressive course and poor prognosis of the patient as well as diagnosis difficulties for pathologists and clinicians are problems that have not been resolved so far. Here we describe a case of BPDCN, someone who presented with a forehead skin lesion with focus on histopathologic diagnosis. Immunophenotyping by immunohistochemistry methods confirmed the diagnosis.

Herpes simplex encephalitis complicated with vasculitis in a young Male: A case reportDr. Sebhatleab T.1, Dr.Abel T. 1Dr.Estifanos B2,Dr.Zablon M 3, Dr.Merchaye A.3, Dr. Raja T.41. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa.2.Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa3.Bethzatha General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia4.Department of Radiology, School of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa

An unusual case of ventral spontaneous thoracic epidural hematomaJunge ZhouDepartment of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, ChinaE-mail: [email protected]: 15827617486Fax Number: +86-027 -82451001Patient consent: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of this manuscript.Ethics approval: This research was approved by the ethics committee of General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping.Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing.Funding source: None.Conflicts of interest: None.Data access statement:  The data used to support the findings of this study have been included in this article.