Spectroelectrochemical (SEC) measurements are widely applied in analytical chemistry. Transparent or semitransparent electrodes are typically used for optical analysis of the electrochemical (EC) processes, where mainly EC readout indicates the state of the electrode while changes in transmitted optical spectrum help to identify products of the EC reactions. In this work, we propose SEC measurements enhanced by additional optical monitoring of the electrode. In this setup, an optical fiber sensor or rather a section of the polymer-clad silica multimode fiber core coated with a thin conductive oxide, i.e., indium tin oxide (ITO), acts also as the electrode. The properties of the film were appropriately tailored to give rise to the lossy-mode resonance (LMR) phenomenon and therefore, except for the SEC readouts, optical monitoring of the electrode was simultaneously possible. The LMR response depends on the properties of the ITO and the optical properties of the surrounding medium. Thus, in the proposed setup, three interrogation readouts may be received, i.e., EC, optical spectrum corresponding to the volume of the analyte as for standard SEC, and the LMR spectrum dependent on the state of the sensor/electrode surface. It must be noted that the optical measurements are performed in two, separate, perpendicularly arranged, spectrophotometric paths with the EC activation (S2EC). In this work, the three readouts have been correlated and compared to the application of other working electrodes applied in standard SEC, such as platinum mesh and ITO-coated glass slide. First, every interrogation path was investigated individually during the cyclic voltammetry (CV) with two metal ion oxidation-reduction reaction (redox) probes, such as potassium ferricyanide and methylene blue. Then simultaneous measurements during chronoamperometry (CA) were conducted with the sensor and cross-correlation between the readouts had been discussed. By combining the sensing techniques an enhancement in the amount of gathered information about the analyte has been achieved.

The evolution of communication system to the next generation e.g. B5G and 6G demands an ultra-reliable performance regardless of weather conditions. Such ultra-reliable system design will require that that the effects of short-term adverse weather events on communication system has to be modelled more accurately so that system design should be dynamically adaptive to such events. The performance of satellite link is severely affected by dynamic rain attenuation and thus an accurate and reliable modelling of performance parameters is essential for dynamic fade countermeasures especially above 10 GHz. In this work, we model the energy per bit to noise spectral density ratio ($E_b/N_0$) using Gaussian Mixture (GM) model during rainy events. The developed mathematical expression is used to accurately model the bit error rate (BER), outage probability and channel capacity of the link. The average BER, upper bound on BER and average ergodic capacity of an M-ary phase shift keying scheme (MPSK) using the GM model of $E_b/N_0$ is derived to evaluate the performance of the link under such short-term weather impairments. We then show the numerical results and analysis using the GM model of the measured $E_b/N_0$ data obtained with AMoS-7 satellite at a site located in Israel.

This paper presents an H-plane SIW horn antenna whose directivity is enhanced using holey unit cells along the horn flaring. By wisely drilling the horn antenna, it is possible to reduce the phase error in the aperture which is a common problem in horn antennas if the optimum dimensions are not employed. An analysis of the distribution of the unit cells along the horn antenna has been carried out to achieve the desired equivalent refractive indices. By changing the hole radius, different equivalent refractive indices can be tuned with a wideband performance. This fact enables the implementation of a collimation zone inside the horn antenna which transforms the pseudo-circular wavefront into a quasi-planar one in the radiating aperture. The produced directivity is similar to the horn antenna with the optimum dimensions but a longitudinal reduction of 53.7% and a higher realized gain are achieved. A holey SIW horn antenna is designed and manufactured. The measured results show an impedance bandwidth performance below -10 dB from 34.3 GHz to 44.5 GHz (25.9%) with a realized gain above 10 dBi. The gain difference regarding a SIW horn antenna without the collimation zone is about 2-3 dBi in the operating frequency range.

In order to accurately compute scattered and radiated fields in the presence of arbitrary excitations, a low-frequency stable discretization of the right-hand side (RHS) of a quasi-Helmholtz preconditioned electric field integral equation (EFIE) on multiply-connected geometries is introduced, which avoids an ad-hoc extraction of the static contribution of the RHS when tested with solenoidal functions. To obtain an excitation agnostic approach, our approach generalizes a technique to multiply-connected geometries where the testing of the RHS with loop functions is replaced by a testing of the normal component of the magnetic field with a scalar function. To this end, we leverage orientable global loop functions that are formed by a chain of Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) functions around the holes and handles of the geometry, for which we introduce cap surfaces that allow to uniquely define a suitable scalar function. We show that this approach works with open and closed, orientable and non-orientable geometries. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.

The Deutsch-Jozsa problem is for a database of size N, where, according to their claim, the deterministic solution of the problem on a classical Turing computer requires O(N) computational complexity. They produced the famous Deutsch-Jozsa quantum algorithm that offered an exponential speedup over the envisioned classical computer, namely O[log(N)] complexity in a quantum computer. In the present paper, the Deutsch-Jozsa problem is implemented by two different algorithms on a Turing machine. It is shown that, similarly to the quantum algorithm, the Deutsch-Jozsa problem can deterministically be solved with O[log(N)] complexity on a classical computer with these algorithms.

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a powerful encryption system in cloud computing that allows homomorphic computations on encrypted data without decrypting them. Multi-key fully homomorphic encryption (MFHE), as an extension to FHE, allows homomorphic computations on ciphertexts encrypted under different keys.   However, most MFHE schemes require a Common Random\slash Reference String (CRS), while the few that do not are based on the Learning With Errors (LWE) problem, which means that they can only deal with single bit plaintext.  Consequently, MFHE schemes based on the Ring Learning With Errors (RLWE) problem are more desirable, as they can handle polynomial plaintext.  Requiring the CRS seems to weaken the semantic definition of MFHE, where all users generate their own keys independently. In this paper, we study the RLWE-based MFHE in the CRS model and propose the first RLWE-based MFHE without CRS.   To this end, we remove the CRS by designing a new relinearization algorithm.  Like previous MFHE schemes, our RLWE-based MFHE without CRS has a simple 1-round threshold decryption, which implies a $3$-round secure MPC protocol in the plain model from the RLWE assumption.

Let $\mathcal A$ be the classical, singly-graded Steenrod algebra over the prime order field $\mathbb F_2$ and let $P^{\otimes h}: = \mathbb F_2[t_1, \ldots, t_h]$ denote the polynomial algebra on $h$ generators, each of degree $1.$ Write $GL_h$ for the usual general linear group of rank $h$ over $\mathbb F_2.$ Then, $P^{\otimes h}$ is an $\mathcal A[GL_h]$-module. As is well known, for all homological degrees $h \geq 6$, the cohomology groups ${\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{h, h+\bullet}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ of the algebra $\mathcal A$ are still shrouded in mystery. The algebraic transfer $Tr_h^{\mathcal A}: (\mathbb F_2\otimes_{GL_h}{\rm Ann}_{\overline{\mathcal A}}[P^{\otimes h}]^{*})_{\bullet}\longrightarrow {\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{h, h+\bullet}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ of rank $h,$ constructed by W. Singer [Math. Z. \textbf{202} (1989), 493-523], is a beneficial technique for describing the Ext groups. Singer’s conjecture about this transfer states that \textit{it is always a one-to-one map}. Despite significant effort, neither a complete proof nor a counterexample has been found to date.  The unresolved nature of the conjecture makes it an interesting topic of research in Algebraic topology in general and in  homotopy theory in particular. \medskip The objective of this paper is to investigate Singer’s conjecture, with a focus on all $h\geq 1$ in degrees $n\leq 10 = 6(2^{0}-1) + 10\cdot 2^{0}$ and for $h=6$ in the general degree $n:=n_s=6(2^{s}-1) + 10\cdot 2^{s},\, s\geq 0.$ Our methodology relies on the hit problem techniques for the polynomial algebra $P^{\otimes h}$, which allows us to investigate the Singer conjecture in the specified degrees. Our work is a continuation of the work presented by Mothebe et al. [J. Math. Res. \textbf{8} (2016), 92-100] with regard to the hit problem for $P^{\otimes 6}$ in degree $n_s$, expanding upon their results and providing novel contributions to this subject. More generally, for $h\geq 6,$ we show that the dimension of the cohit module $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathcal A}P^{\otimes h}$ in degrees $2^{s+4}-h$ is equal to the order of the factor group of $GL_{h-1}$ by the Borel subgroup $B_{h-1}$ for every $s\geq h-5.$ Especially, for the Galois field $\mathbb F_{q}$ ($q$ denoting the power of a prime number), based on Hai’s recent work [C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris \textbf{360} (2022), 1009-1026], we claim that the dimension of the space of the indecomposable elements of $\mathbb F_q[t_1, \ldots t_h]$ in general degree $q^{h-1}-h$ is equal to the order of the factor group of $GL_{h-1}(\mathbb F_q)$ by a subgroup of the Borel group $B_{h-1}(\mathbb F_q).$ As applications, we establish the dimension result for the cohit module $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathcal A}P^{\otimes 7}$ in degrees $n_{s+5},\, s > 0.$ Simultaneously, we demonstrate that the non-zero elements $h_2^{2}g_1 = h_4Ph_2\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{6, 6+n_1}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ and $D_2\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{6, 6+n_2}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ do not belong to the image of the sixth Singer algebraic transfer, $Tr_6^{\mathcal A}.$ This discovery holds significant implications for Singer’s conjecture concerning algebraic transfers. We further deliberate on the correlation between these conjectures and antecedent studies, thus furnishing a comprehensive analysis of their implications.

As renewable energy penetration on the grid increases, requirements are being placed on PV owners and operators to limit power ramp rates. PV power ramping is an issue for grid stability since generation-load balance must be continually met, and when a large PV resource significantly increases or decreases, another resource must compensate to ensure matching. Traditional dispatchable resources have a limited ability to respond quickly. Therefore, to aid in grid stability, ramp rate limitations have been imposed on PV plants. This work addresses the question of how much fast-responding storage is needed to mitigate high ramp rates of PV plants, and how much benefit is there from short-term power forecasting in terms of reducing the storage requirement. The results provide a baseline estimate for system planners and designers. Furthermore, the storage controller design and optimization are given, along with the open-source code, such that others can tailor the simulation to their specific plant and weather profile. results from studying a 100 MW PV plant power production profile show a reduction in ramp-rate violations from 10% of yearly intervals to below 1% with 12 minutes of storage. With forecasting, the same level of smoothing is achieved with a 5-minute rated storage. A sensitivity analysis shows the impacts of varying constraints, such as storage power rating, PV system size for geographic smoothing, forecast window length, and the ramp-rate limit magnitude.

Multicast/broadcast delivery is a critical challenge of future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks where massive internet of things deployment and extended reality multimedia such as teleportation are target application scenarios. Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are considered essential for the success of 6G, which aims to provide true “global” services by extending mobile access worldwide, thus overcoming the coverage limit of current terrestrial networks (TNs). This paper discusses how the main distinguishing features of NTNs can be effectively exploited for 6G multicasting. Furthermore, in line with the evolution of future 6G networks toward softwarized systems, we evaluate the potential of using the softwarization paradigm in the heterogeneous TN/NTN architecture to deliver multicast services.

Database performance is one of the main components in supporting the sustainability of a system in this case is Student’s Activity Record System (STARS). One way to improve the performance of the database is to use the concept of a partition table. Thus, in this study, the design and evaluation of the partition table will be carried out which will then be applied to the Satya Wacana Christian University (SWCU) STARS database. The results of this study indicate that partition tables have better performance than non-partitioned tables seen from several SQL syntaxes like update, delete, and select. Meanwhile, insert performs poorly for partitioned tables compared to non-partitioned tables.

Recently, the decreasing cost of storage technologies and the emergence of economy-driven mechanisms for energy exchange are contributing to the spread of energy communities. In this context, this paper aims at defining innovative transactive control frameworks for energy communities equipped with independent service-oriented energy storage systems. The addressed control problem consists in optimally scheduling the energy activities of a group of prosumers, characterized by their own demand and renewable generation, and a group of energy storage service providers, able to store the prosumers’ energy surplus and, subsequently, release it upon a fee payment. We propose two novel resolution algorithms based on a game theoretical control formulation, a coordinated and an uncoordinated one, which can be alternatively used depending on the underlying communication architecture of the grid. The two proposed approaches are validated through numerical simulations on realistic scenarios. Results show that the use of a particular framework does not alter fairness, at least at the community level, i.e., no participant in the groups of prosumers or providers can strongly benefit from changing its strategy while compromising othersâ\euro™ welfare. Lastly, the approaches are compared with a centralized control method showing better computational results. This preprint has been accepted for publication in Control Engineering Practice, Elsevier. How to cite: Nicola Mignoni, Paolo Scarabaggio, Raffaele Carli, Mariagrazia Dotoli, “Control frameworks for transactive energy storage services in energy communities”, Control Engineering Practice, Volume 130, 2023, 105364, ISSN 0967-0661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2022.105364. © 2022. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.

In this work, we propose using deep neural 2D networks, which have renowned generalization performance on unseen data. It specifically explains the use of Novel Augmentation technique for SMI Fringe detection and classification. Overall, it highlights the importance of data augmentation in computer vision algorithms. The results prove that computer vision can be used to cater the problems in signal processing and photoelectronics domain.

A central aspect of the Android platform is Inter-Component Communication (ICC), which enables the reuse of functionality across apps and components via message passing. While a powerful feature, ICC still constitutes a serious attack surface. This paper addresses the issue of generating exploits for a subset of Android ICC vulnerabilities (i.e., IDOS, XAS, and FI) through static analysis, Deep Reinforcement Learning-based dynamic analysis and software instrumentation. Our approach, called RONIN, achieves better results than state-of-the-art and baseline tools, in the number of exploited vulnerabilities.

Over the last decade, transfer learning has attracted a great deal of attention as a new learning paradigm, based on which fault diagnosis (FD) approaches have been intensively developed to improve the safety and reliability of modern automation systems. Because of inevitable factors such as the varying work environment, performance degradation of components, and heterogeneity among similar automation systems, the FD method having long-term applicabilities becomes attractive. Motivated by these facts, transfer learning has been an indispensable tool that endows the FD methods with self-learning and adaptive abilities. On the presentation of basic knowledge in this field, a comprehensive review of transfer learning-motivated FD methods, whose two subclasses are developed based on knowledge calibration and knowledge compromise, is carried out in this survey paper. Finally, some open problems, potential research directions, and conclusions are highlighted. Different from the existing reviews of transfer learning, this survey focuses on how to utilize knowledge specifically for the FD tasks, based on which three principles and a new classification strategy of transfer learning-motivated FD techniques are also presented. We hope this work will constitute a timely contribution to transfer learning-motivated techniques regarding the FD topic.

Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (T-IFS). Under revision.

Asymmetric transmission plays an important role in many electromagnetic systems. Different to the asymmetric transmissions in full space, angular-asymmetric transmissions support different characteristics for symmetrical oblique incidences in half space, which has great potentials for antenna designs and wireless systems. This communication designs and demonstrates a dual-band multi-functional metasurface with angular-asymmetric transmission and frequency selection under oblique incidences. At 8.7 GHz, the 30° incident TM wave is bounded in the metasurface, and the −30° incident TM wave transmits, which presents an angular-asymmetric transmission. At 10.4 GHz, both ±30° TM oblique incident waves can be transmitted, which presents a frequency selection function. The metasurface sample with optimized geometry parameters has been fabricated and measured, and the measurement results agree well with the simulation results.

The objective of this study is to propose a methodology for early detection of Parkinson’s disease based on gait patterns. A set of novel features are developed based on self-similar, correlation, and compressibility properties extracted by multiscale features of gait data in the wavelet domain. The dataset used in this study is available in the physionet repository. This study considers only the VGRF data collected from subjects while walking at their normal pace for 2 minutes on a flat surface.

Manuscript submitted to the IEEE Transations in Power Systems in October 2022. Title: Coordination of Frequency Reserves in an Isolated Industrial Grid Equipped with Energy Storage and Dominated by Constant Power Loads Abstract: This paper examines the use of interconnected synchronous system requirements for frequency containment reserves (FCR) on isolated industrial grids that use turbogenerators as main source of energy, have high penetration of wind energy, are equipped with energy storage, and have a high level of constant power loads coupled by power electronic converters. Leveraging on the recent Nordic requirements for reserves in islanded operation (FCRI), we propose an expansion that allows prioritizing among various reserve providers under different isolated grid conditions. The study case of a complex, isolated industrial grid is selected to test this approach. The stability of this grid is evaluated via eigenvalues and participation factors considering the detrimental effects of constant power loads. It is demonstrated that, by prioritizing the reserve allocation to the faster converter-interfaced storage devices and loads, the overall stability is increased in addition to allowing the turbogenerators to operate at a more constant load. The results are supported by computer simulations of a rotating mass model, of the complex isolated grid in PowerFactory, and by laboratory power-hardware-in-the-loop tests. The computer simulation models developed for this paper are made publicly available for reproducibility purposes.