Abstract
Background: How quickly percutaneous coronary intervention is performed
in patients with a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a core
quality measure, reported as door-to-balloon (D2B) time in minutes.
Aims: This retrospective study of 1193 patients was undertaken to
explore how well six hospitals in a large healthcare system achieved
time from the emergency department (ED) to the first ECG <10
minutes and D2B time ≤90 minutes. Methods: STEMI coordinators provided
shelved data collected between 1-1-2016 and 8-31-2018. D2B times were
available for 818 patients. The overall median time from the ED to the
first ECG was 4 minutes and all hospitals achieved median times less
than 10 minutes. There was a significant difference between the hospital
with the highest (88%) and lower percentage of patients (79%)
attaining the recommended time from the ED to the first ECG
<10 minutes (p<0.025). The overall median D2B time
for the entire sample was 63 minutes and the difference between D2B time
among hospitals was significant (p<0.001). Collectively, the
six hospitals achieved a D2B time <90 minutes well above the
recommended goal by the American Heart Association (87.8% vs 75%
respectively, p<0.001). The most compelling finding was that
field STEMI activation with direct patient transportation to the cardiac
catheterization laboratory(CCL) resulted in significantly shorter D2B
times than ED activation (p<0.001). Patients with D2B time
<90 minutes had a lower mortality than those with D2B time
>90 minutes (5.3% vs 19.0% respectively,
p<0.001). Conclusion: Achieving D2B time <90 minutes
has a significant impact on mortality associated with STEMI. Field STEMI
activation with direct patient transport to the CCL significantly
shortened D2B time. Further study is needed to assess the benefit of
close collaboration between hospital and Emergency Medical Service
personnel to implement this mode of patient transportation to the CCL to
improve STEMI care.