Current treatments and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic
novel coronavirus.
Abstract
An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
has spread throughout China and other countries and received worldwide
attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO)
officially declared the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic as a public health emergency
of international concern. At the moment of writing this article (April
2020) a total of 2.240.191 cases confirmed worldwide since the outbreak
and 153.822 deaths in 166 countries or regions confirmed cases globally
had been reported. Meanwhile, several independent research groups have
identified that SARS-CoV-2 has highly identical genome with SARS-COV-1.
The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the
respiratory tract. The clinical symptoms of patients include fever,
cough, fatigue and a small population of patients appeared
gastrointestinal infection symptoms. Currently, there are few specific
therapeutic strategies, but several potent candidates of antivirals and
repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation. In this review, we
summarized the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat
the epidemic novel coronavirus. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, treatment,
coronavirus, infection, pneumonia