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Colistin-Resistant Enterobacter kobei carrying mcr-9.1 and blaCTX-M-15 infecting a critically endangered Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), Brazil
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  • Danny Fuentes-Castillo,
  • Fábio Sellera,
  • Daphne Goldberg,
  • Herrison Fontana,
  • Fernanda Esposito,
  • Brenda Cardoso,
  • Joanna Ikeda,
  • Anneliese Kyllar,
  • José Luiz Catão-Dias,
  • Nilton Lincopan
Danny Fuentes-Castillo
University of São Paulo, University of Sao Paulo

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Fábio Sellera
University of Sao Paulo
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Daphne Goldberg
Londrina State University
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Herrison Fontana
University of Sao Paulo
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Fernanda Esposito
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo
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Brenda Cardoso
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo
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Joanna Ikeda
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Anneliese Kyllar
UERJ
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José Luiz Catão-Dias
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo
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Nilton Lincopan
University of São Paulo
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Abstract

The emergence of mobile mcr genes mediating resistance to colistin is a critical public health issue that has hindered the treatment of serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens in humans and other animals. We report the emergence of the mcr-9.1 gene in a polymyxin-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacter kobei infecting a free-living Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), threatened with extinction in South America. Genomic analysis confirmed a wide resistome with additional presence of genes conferring resistance to clinically relevant β-lactam [blaCTX-M-15, blaACT-9, blaOXA-1 and blaTEM-1B], aminoglycoside [aac(3)-IIa, aadA1, aph(3’‘)-Ib and aph(6)-Id], trimethoprim [dfrA14], tetracycline [tetA], quinolone [aac(6’)-Ib-cr and qnrB1], fosfomycin [fosA], sulphonamide [sul2], and phenicol [catA1 and catB3] antibiotics. The identification of mcr-9.1 in a CTX-M-15-producing pathogen infecting a critically endangered animal is worryingly, due to the restricted therapeutic options, and should be interpreted as a sign of further spread of critical-priority pathogens and their resistance genes in threatened ecosystems.
22 Aug 2020Submitted to Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
22 Aug 2020Submission Checks Completed
22 Aug 2020Assigned to Editor
26 Aug 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
04 Oct 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
04 Oct 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Major
30 Nov 20201st Revision Received
01 Dec 2020Submission Checks Completed
01 Dec 2020Assigned to Editor
02 Dec 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
28 Dec 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
28 Dec 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
29 Dec 20202nd Revision Received
30 Dec 2020Submission Checks Completed
30 Dec 2020Assigned to Editor
03 Jan 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
03 Jan 2021Editorial Decision: Accept