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The chromosome-level genome sequence and karyotypic evolution of Megadenia pygmaea (Brassicaceae)
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  • Wenjie Yang,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • Terezie Mandáková,
  • Li Huang,
  • Ting Li,
  • Jiebei Jiang,
  • Yongzhi Yang,
  • Martin Lysak,
  • Jianquan Liu,
  • Quanjun Hu
Wenjie Yang
Sichuan University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Lei Zhang
Sichuan University
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Terezie Mandáková
Masaryk University
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Li Huang
Sichuan University
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Ting Li
Sichuan University
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Jiebei Jiang
Sichuan University
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Yongzhi Yang
Lanzhou University
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Martin Lysak
Masaryk University
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Jianquan Liu
Sichuan University
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Quanjun Hu
Sichuan University
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Abstract

Karyotypic changes in chromosome number and structure are drivers in the divergent evolution of diverse plant species and lineages. This study aimed to reveal the origins of the unique karyotype (2n = 12) and phylogenetic relationships of the genus Megadenia (Brassicaceae). A high-quality chromosome-scale genome was assembled for Megadenia pygmaea using Nanopore long reads and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C). The assembled genome is 215.2-Mb and is anchored on six pseudo-chromosomes. We annotated a total of 25,607 high-confidence protein-coding genes and corroborated the phylogenetic affinity of Megadenia with the expanded Lineage II, which contains numerous agricultural crops. We dated the divergence of Megadenia from its closest relatives to 27.04 (19.11-36.60) million years ago. A reconstruction of the chromosomal composition of the species was performed based on the de novo assembled genome and comparative chromosome painting analysis. The karyotype structure of M. pygmaea is very similar to the previously inferred Proto-Calepineae Karyotype (PCK; n = 7) of the Brassicaceae Lineage II. However, an end-to-end translocation between two ancestral chromosomes reduced the chromosome number from n = 7 to n = 6, comparable to Megadenia. Our reference genome provides fundamental information for use in horticulture, plant breeding and evolutionary study of this genus.
05 Jun 2020Submitted to Molecular Ecology Resources
15 Jul 2020Submission Checks Completed
15 Jul 2020Assigned to Editor
16 Jul 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Aug 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
26 Aug 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
23 Sep 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
23 Sep 20201st Revision Received
20 Oct 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
23 Oct 20202nd Revision Received
23 Oct 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
30 Oct 2020Editorial Decision: Accept
Dec 2020Published in Molecular Ecology Resources. 10.1111/1755-0998.13291