Turkish validation of the Hallym Post Micturition Dribble Questionnaire
(HPMDQ) and evaluation of bulbar urethral massage response
Abstract
Abstract Background: As the evidence has been increasing about the
post-micturition dribble (PMD) symptom, widely accepted lower-urinary
tract symptoms (LUTS) questionnaires fail to assess PMD alone. In this
study, our primary aim is to evaluate the validity and reliability of
the Turkish version of the Hallym Post Micturition Dribble Questionnaire
(Turkish HPMDQ). The secondary objective is to appraise the relationship
between PMD and other LUTS and the effectiveness of bulbar urethral
massage in patients with PMD. Methods: The English version of HPMDQ went
through a multi-stage translation process. The final draft of the
Turkish HPMDQ and IPSS were queried to male patients who admitted to the
urology outpatient clinic between June 2020 and September 2020. The
responses of 103 patients who satisfy the inclusion criteria were
analysed. 55 people suffering from PMD were offered bulbar urethral
massage for one month and then re-applied with the questionnaires.
Results: The kappa coefficient for the total score for the Turkish HPMDQ
was 0.789. Considering the relationship between the HPMDQ and the IPSS,
the HPMDQ’s total score correlated significantly with that of the total
IPSS (ρ: 0.660, p < 0.001), the voiding symptoms of the LUTS
(ρ: 0.621, p < 0.001), and post-void residual volume (ρ:
0.614, p < 0.001) but not with the storage symptoms of the
LUTS (p=0.245). The mean value of HPMDQ-Q5, evaluating the treatment
response of bulbar urethra massage, was 1.81+1.02, suggesting an
effective treatment of PMD. Conclusions: The Turkish version of HPMDQ
was observed as a reliable tool for evaluating patients with PMD. This
study also showed that bulbar urethral massage is an effective method to
relieve PMD. Keywords: Post-micturition dribble, questionnaire, Turkish
validation, incontinence