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AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid leukemia presents different phenotype in pediatric and adult patients
  • +15
  • Guopan Yu,
  • Zhao Yin,
  • Ying Yang,
  • Jiaheng Zhou,
  • Jiale Qiu,
  • Jinchang Zhou,
  • Changxin Yin,
  • Dan Fang,
  • Xiaolan Xu,
  • Xuejie Jiang,
  • Qifa Liu,
  • Danian Nie,
  • Shuangfeng Xie,
  • Yiqing Li,
  • Sanfang Tu,
  • Zhenqian Huang,
  • HUI ZHANG,
  • Dan Xu
Guopan Yu
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Zhao Yin
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Ying Yang
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Jiaheng Zhou
Southern Medical University
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Jiale Qiu
Southern Medical University
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Jinchang Zhou
Southern Medical University
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Changxin Yin
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Dan Fang
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Xiaolan Xu
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Xuejie Jiang
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Qifa Liu
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Danian Nie
Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital
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Shuangfeng Xie
Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital
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Yiqing Li
Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital
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Sanfang Tu
Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University
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Zhenqian Huang
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
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HUI ZHANG
Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
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Dan Xu
Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital
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Abstract

Background: C-KIT mutation and extramedullary infiltration highly occur in AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AE-AML). Whether they having the same clinical significance in pediatric and adult patients remains unsure.  Procedure: Totally 75 pediatric and 98 adult patients with newly diagnosed AE-AML from 5 centers were included and analyzed. Results: The incidence of extramedullary leukemia (EML) (13.3% vs. 29.6%, P=0.008) and c-KIT mutations (12/68, 17.6% vs. 30/74, 40.5%, P=0.003) in pediatric patients were less than half compared to adult counterpart. The disease outcome including complete response (CR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was comparable between the two patient groups, when induction/consolidation regimens were taken into consideration. Based on multivariate analysis, EML was associated with a higher relapse and worse survival, and patients carrying c-KIT mutations showed a trend toward a worse prognosis. Grouping by age, the adverse effect of EML and c-KIT mutations on prognosis was only seen in adults but not children and was not affected by consolidation regimens. Conclusions: The occurrence of EML and c-KIT mutations was much less in pediatric than adult AE-AML. Both EML and c-KIT mutations adversely impacted the disease outcome in adult but not pediatric patients, suggesting the behavior of AML1-ETO fusion protein might be age-dependent.