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Stroke Patterns and Cannulation Strategy during Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Support
  • +7
  • Mia Nishikawa,
  • Joshua Willey,
  • Hiroo Takayama,
  • Yuji Kaku,
  • Yuming Ning,
  • Paul Kurlansky,
  • Daniel Brodie,
  • Amir Masoumi,
  • Justin Fried,
  • Koji Takeda
Mia Nishikawa
Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Joshua Willey
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Hiroo Takayama
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Yuji Kaku
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Yuming Ning
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Paul Kurlansky
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Daniel Brodie
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Amir Masoumi
Columbia University Medical Center
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Justin Fried
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Koji Takeda
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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Abstract

Objectives Stroke has potentially devastating consequences for patients receiving veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane support (VA-ECMO). Arterial cannulation sites for VA-ECMO include the ascending aorta, axillary artery, and femoral artery. However, the influence of cannulation site on stroke risk has not been well described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between occurrence and patterns of stroke with ECMO arterial cannulation sites. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 414 consecutive patients who received VA-ECMO support for cardiogenic shock between March 2007 and May 2018. Patients were categorized by cannulation strategy. The rates, subtype and location of strokes as assessed by neuroimaging during and after VA-ECMO support were analyzed. Results Median age was 61 years (IQR 50-69); 67% were men. 77 patients were cannulated via the ascending aorta (17%), 31 via the axillary artery (7%), and 306 (69%) via the femoral artery. In total, 26 patients (6.3%) developed 30 stroke lesions at a median of 6.0 (IQR 3.1-8.7) days after ECMO cannulation. Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype (64%), followed by hemorrhagic transformation (20%) and hemorrhagic stroke (16%). Location by CT was right hemispheric in 38%, left hemispheric in 24%, bilateral in 21%, and vertebrobasilar in 17%. The incidence of stroke was similar across cannulation strategies: aorta (n=5, 6.5%), axillary artery (n=2, 6.5%), and femoral artery (n=19, 6.2%), (p=0.99). Conclusions Incidence of stroke does not appear to differ among patients cannulated via the ascending aorta, axillary artery, or femoral artery. Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke.
Sep 2022Published in Journal of Artificial Organs volume 25 issue 3 on pages 231-237. 10.1007/s10047-021-01300-5