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Clinical outcome after bioprosthetic aortic root replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Microsimulation model
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  • Bardia Arabkhani,
  • Jonathan Etnel,
  • Michiel Vriesendorp,
  • Richard van Valen,
  • Emmanuel Lansac,
  • Thomas van Brakel,
  • Ad Bogers,
  • hanneke takkenberg
Bardia Arabkhani
Leiden University Medical Center

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Jonathan Etnel
Erasmus University Rotterdam
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Michiel Vriesendorp
LUMC
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Richard van Valen
ErasmusMC
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Emmanuel Lansac
Institut Mutualiste Montsouris
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Thomas van Brakel
Leiden Universitair Medisch Centrum
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Ad Bogers
ErasmusMC
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hanneke takkenberg
Erasmus MC
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Abstract

Background and aim of the study This study aims to provide an overview of clinical outcome after bioprosthetic aortic root replacement and lifetime event-risk estimates of mortality and valve-related events, and the potential effect of type of prosthesis used. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted between January 2000 and August 2019. Inclusion criteria: aortic root replacement in adults. Data were pooled by inverse-variance weighting and entered a microsimulation model to calculate lifetime event-risk and (event-free) life expectancy. Results Of 2.106 publications, 31 were included (N = 5.227 patients, 74% stentless valves). Mean age was 65.4 years (74% male). Pooled early mortality was 5.5% (95% CI: 4.3-7.2%). During follow-up (mean 4.1 years, total 22.706 patient-years), late mortality was 4.8%/patient-year and reoperation 0.9%/patient-year. Linearized-occurrence-rates for thromboembolism, endocarditis, and hemorrhagic events:1.2; 0.9 and 0.5 %/patient-year; no significant difference between stented and stentless prosthesis. Translating into a 60-year-old patient, an estimated life expectancy of 14 years (general population: 22 years) and lifetime risks of thromboembolism, endocarditis and reintervention of 21%, 13%, and 8%, respectively is expected. Conclusions The study shows impaired survival and a notable lifetime risk of valve-related events after bioprosthetic aortic root replacement. The risk of thromboembolism is prominent, especially during earlier follow-up, suggesting higher risk of thromboembolism early after operation. Type of prosthesis, stented or stentless, is not associated with higher valve-related events. Moreover, this study could be used as a benchmark to compare outcome with other aortic root replacement procedures.