Isolation and characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus type 3 in a
fecal sample of wild boar in Japan
Abstract
Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have been identified in various
mammalian species, including humans, bats, and pigs. However, MRV
isolation and complete genome sequences from wild boars have not yet
been reported. In this study, we isolated, sequenced, and analyzed an
MRV from a free-living wild boar in Japan using a porcine
sapelovirus-resistant cell line N1380. The complete and empty virus
particles were obtained from the N1380 cell culture supernatants, and
complete genome sequences were obtained from complete virus particles.
Sequence analyses revealed that the isolated MRV, named TY-14, was
classified as MRV3 and had a close genetic relationship with lion in a
Japanese zoo MRV2 (L2, L3, and M3 genes) and human MRV2 from Japan (S2
gene). Phylogenetic analyses showed that TY-14 clustered only with bat
MRVs in the M1 gene, while TY-14 formed a cluster with several animal
MRVs in the M2 and S3 genes, and independently branched in the L1, S1,
and S4 genes, suggesting a genetic relationship with other unknown
origins. Recombination events were identified in the M2 gene. These
results suggest that TY-14 was generated by reassortment and
recombination events involving MRVs circulating in Japan, bats, and
other unknown origins.