Negative initial bone marrow aspirate does not rule out acute
lymphoblastic leukemia
Abstract
Patients with precursor-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) may
initially present with a prodrome, cytopenia(s) with abnormal bone
marrow cellularity, but without clonal abnormalities. Prior cases of
“indolent ALL” report infections preceding B-ALL diagnosis. Here we
describe our institutional experience, eight patients over a 15-year
period with a prodrome (2% of B-ALL diagnoses) prior to definitive
diagnosis. Patients ranged from 3-15 years of age (median 5 years),
requiring a median 3.5 months from presentation to diagnosis, with a
median 3 bone marrow aspirates (BMA) to reach definitive diagnosis.
Practitioners must be aware that initial negative BMA does not rule out
B-ALL.